WPCL ~L``= \F Ε~?𗦩P#. թLyB'qIPM-.VEHeT9vttdl a _a0|=Tt'6n.`ߨ7XRa~L7ڢ(c<.'̞t2ݭ;RY.%hU"Y ZQ t  H&!.hrVE/G+Gk82mWNV?% MM 1 01c   0= 0e 0> 0 0 0` 0a 0u 0) 1 1ud 0c B< 1Y 09 1NH 1J 0 02 1 1f 1 1t! 1! 0" 1~# 0:$ 0?$ 0_$ 0 #% 0-& 0k& 1?( 0( B** D3* C* D++ 0/+ 0, 06- 0. 0:/ 0hU/ 0F/U60U*90Mc0g0M 5M5M5M5 15UN5UN5M>6MB6F6UN;88,-=YBFUNKUNgKUNKK 0LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL 0dOLxhH  Z6Times New Roman RegularX(c3$    XXHP LaserJet 4,,,,0J:\Template\APPEALS\GPINTR~1.WPT6N (parparagraph in briefyA Z6Times New Roman Regular $$D$$$E$$+$D$$6NV3|x$ U(ʽCEKQW]cioAutoList5IVIVIVIVIVIVIVIV(*2$ 3!    vXX    vv   `   0   g <| &  vXX  _Numberhereis34($    %\  `&Times New Roman  $  vXX  vv @ @ `   4    _Section1203.3,T vsubdivision#v T#Ԁ(a)states: Thecourtshallhaveauthority  atanytimeduringthetermofprobationtorevoke,modify,orchangeitsorderofsuspensionofimpositionorexecutionofsentence.Thecourtmayatanytimewhentheendsofjusticewillbesubservedthereby,andwhenthegoodconductandreformofthepersonsoheldonprobationshallwarrantit,terminatetheperiodofprobation,anddischargethepersonsoheld.However, [_t]his_ԀsectiondoesnotapplytocasescoveredbySection1203.2.T v(#v T#Ԁ1203.3,subd.(e).)(hCEKQW]cioAutoList6IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII0.Normal13<:Definition T<GD:Definition L , ;1` hp x (#;  8.` hp x (#886Definition('z&H1      XXX(o&H2  XXX(o&H3  XXX(&H4 XXX XXX(o&H5  XXX(o&H6  XXX(5hCEKQW]cioAutoList1I.I.I.I.I.I.I.I.3#37=CIQYag1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a)(;3$2#  0  .3  0   d(hCEKQW]cioAutoList7IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII20Address BustamonteVolkswagon NoeLongoriaEquarteMasbruchGranadoClabornSpechtGuerrero NavaBartowHarrellBatistarelitigateIzazaga opn MoskBoddieMELINDARELITIGATINGSohal secsFurhmanSaldanaFurhrmanBolleyDaoudCooksonMosleyMorrisseyGagnonScarpelliOttovich(EhCEKQW]cioAutoList2IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII(hCEKQW]cioAutoList8IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII8SP6Blockquote , , ;1` hp x (#;   8.` hp x (#8,*CITE(hCEKQW]cioAutoList9IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII(:EGMSY_ekqAutoList11A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.(գEGMSY_ekqAutoList10IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII(UfCEKQW]cioAutoList3I.I.I.I.I.I.I.I.(ehCEKQW]cioAutoList4IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII,dl*CODEKK<6X9`(Courier NewKXXXS\  `&Times New RomanS(JEGMSY_ekqAutoList12A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.42Emphasis6&)4Hyperlink            <:FollowedHype    4go2Keyboard KK<6X9`(Courier NewK XXXS\  `&Times New RomanS(3| $ 3!    vXX  <:Preformatted/%  ,Kk (#/KK<6X9`(Courier NewKXXXS\  `&Times New RomanS/%  ,Kk (#/(jEGMSY_ekqAutoList14A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.<:zBottom of IAB4$ ** ddI  B    ?L%2A`Arial?9CB*  dd9  XXXS\  `&Times New RomanS  &0 d d@@@@'dxddd'dxd<:zTop of ForIAB4$** ddI  B    ?L%2A`Arial?9CB*  dd9  XXXS\  `&Times New RomanS  0Kl.SampleKK<6X9`(Courier NewKS\  `&Times New RomanS0.Strong 8dl6TypewriterKK<6X9`(Courier NewKXXXS\  `&Times New RomanS42Variable:8HTML MarkupB      2 0CommentB  <6X9`(Courier New%2A`Arial  $  UvXX  Uvv @ @ `   5    _YvSection#Uv_#Ԁ1203.2,Yvsubdivision#Uv_Q#Ԁ(e)states: Ifprobationhasbeenrevoked  beforethejudgmenthasbeenpronounced,theorderrevokingprobationmaybesetasideforgoodcauseuponmotionmadebeforepronouncementofjudgment.Ifprobationhasbeenrevokedafterthejudgmenthasbeenpronounced,thejudgmentandtheorderwhichrevokedtheprobationmaybesetasideforgoodcausewithin30daysafterthecourthasnoticethattheexecutionofthesentencehascommenced.Ifanordersettingasidethejudgment,therevocationofprobation,orbothismadeaftertheexpirationoftheprobationaryperiod,thecourtmayagainplacethepersononprobationforthatperiodandwiththosetermsandconditionsasitcouldhavedoneimmediatelyfollowingconviction.(EGMSY_ekqAutoList13IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIyA Z6Times New Roman RegularxhH  Z6Times New Roman Regular  $  vXX  vv @ @ `   1    _ vUnlessotherwisespecified,allfurtherstatutoryreferencesaretothe    PenalCode.#  ##v z#ԀyA Z6Times New Roman Regular  $  ^֘XX  ^֘֘ @ @ `   5    _`_֘Section#^֘__#Ԁ1203.2,`_֘subdivision#^֘__Q#Ԁ(e)states: Ifprobationhasbeenrevoked  beforethejudgmenthasbeenpronounced,theorderrevokingprobationmaybesetasideforgoodcauseuponmotionmadebeforepronouncementofjudgment.Ifprobationhasbeenrevokedafterthejudgmenthasbeenpronounced,thejudgmentandtheorderwhichrevokedtheprobationmaybesetasideforgoodcausewithin30daysafterthecourthasnoticethattheexecutionofthesentencehascommenced.Ifanordersettingasidethejudgment,therevocationofprobation,orbothismadeaftertheexpirationoftheprobationaryperiod,thecourtmayagainplacethepersononprobationforthatperiodandwiththosetermsandconditionsasitcouldhavedoneimmediatelyfollowingconviction. " $  vXX  vv @ @ `   3    _ vSection#v #Ԁ1203.1, vsubdivision#v Q#Ԁ(a)statesinpertinentpart: Thecourt,  orjudgethereof,intheordergrantingprobation,maysuspendtheimposingortheexecutionofthesentenceandmaydirectthatthesuspensionmaycontinueforaperiodoftimenotexceedingthemaximumpossibletermofthesentence,exceptashereinaftersetforth,anduponthosetermsandconditionsasitshalldetermine.Thecourt,orjudgethereof,intheordergrantingprobationandasaconditionthereof,mayimprisonthedefendantinacountyjailforaperiodnotexceedingthemaximumtimefixedbylawinthecase.[]However,wherethemaximumpossibletermofthesentenceisfiveyearsorless,thentheperiodofsuspensionofimpositionorexecutionofsentencemay,inthediscretionofthecourt,continuefornotoverfiveyears. v...#v #Ԁ  $  vXX  vv @ @ `   5    __ vSection#v _#Ԁ1203.2,_ vsubdivision#v _Q#Ԁ(e)states: Ifprobationhasbeenrevoked  beforethejudgmenthasbeenpronounced,theorderrevokingprobationmaybesetasideforgoodcauseuponmotionmadebeforepronouncementofjudgment.Ifprobationhasbeenrevokedafterthejudgmenthasbeenpronounced,thejudgmentandtheorderwhichrevokedtheprobationmaybesetasideforgoodcausewithin30daysafterthecourthasnoticethattheexecutionofthesentencehascommenced.Ifanordersettingasidethejudgment,therevocationofprobation,orbothismadeaftertheexpirationoftheprobationaryperiod,thecourtmayagainplacethepersononprobationforthatperiodandwiththosetermsandconditionsasitcouldhavedoneimmediatelyfollowingconviction.  $  vXX  vv @ @ `   2    _Ifthedefendantcanbesentencedtoservemorethanfiveyearsin  prison,themaximumperiodofprobationisthemaximumpossiblesentence. v(#v #Ԁ1203.1,subd.(a),par.1.)Forsimplicity,thisbriefreferstothemaximum  periodofprobationtobefiveyearsbecausethisiswhatappliesinthiscase.Further,itisalwaysassumedthatthemaximumperiodofprobationdoesnotincludetheperiodthatprobationwassummarilyrevoked. v(#v "#Ԁ1203.2,subd.   (a);see vPeople#v #Ԁv.Medeiros(1994)25Cal.App.4th1260,1267.)xhH  Z6Times New Roman RegularyA Z6Times New Roman RegularyA Z6Times New Roman Regular>c$"Small Circle"0 (Wf|$ @*  A  3!    vXX  _8Xdd8@<<INTHECOURTOFAPPEALOFTHESTATEOFCALIFORNIA  @!!SIXTHAPPELLATEDISTRICT (I  (PEOPLEOFTHESTATEOFCALIFORNIA ,  2Q)     2Q) `  PlaintiffandRespondent,  2Q)     2Q) ` v.  2Q)      2Q) SONYAMARSHALL ,  2Q)     2Q) `  DefendantandAppellant.  2Q)   _______________________________________  2Q)  H030269(SantaClaraCountySuperiorCourtNo.CC065011)   (IQQ(    APPELLANTSOPENINGBRIEF   4  StatementofAppealability    v ` Thisisanappealfromthesentenceimposedafteranadmissionofa  violationofaprobation.Itisanorderafterjudgmentaffectingappellant'ssubstantialrightsandfinallyresolvestheissuesbetweentheparties;thusanappealisauthorizedbyPenalCodesection1237,subdivision(b).#v #   Statementofthecase   " s ` AcriminalcomplaintwasfiledonMarch14,2000,allegingthatappellant,SonyaMarshall,committedwelfarefraud v(Welf.&Inst.Code, $ & #v >#ԁ10980,subd.(c)(2))andformperjury v(Pen.Code,#v #Ԁ118). vX   1      #v ,#Ԁ(CT13.)She &"( plednocontesttothechargesonJanuary9,2003.(CT4.)OnFebruary6,2003,thecourtplacedheronprobationforthreeyearsoncondition,amongotherthings,thatsheserve51daysinjailandpayrestitution.(CT9.) ` OnJanuary19,2006,thecourtsummarilyrevokedprobationforfailingtopayrestitution.(CT10.)OnFebruary23,2006,appellantadmittedsheviolatedprobation.(CT17.)ThecourtreinstatedprobationandextendeditthreemoreyearstoFebruary23,2009;shewasorderedtoservesevenmoremonthsinjail.(CT17.) ` OnApril5,2006,appellantmovedtomodifyprobation(CT2125)whichwasdeniedonMay9,2006.(CT26.) ` AppellantfiledanoticeofappealonJuly12,2006afterthiscourtgrantedherpermissiontofilealatenoticeofappeal.(CT2627.)  StatementofEvidence   .  ` Accordingtoa2006probationreport,appellantreceivedfinancialaidforherselfandthreechildrenwhenshestatedunderpenaltyofperjurythatsheandthechildrensfatherdidnotwork.However,shewasworkingonandoffatthetime,leadingtooverpayments.(CT11.)  &""    Argument     THECOURTLACKEDJURISDICTIONTOEXTENDPROBATION  TOBELONGERTHANATOTALOFFIVEYEARS.     ` Intheviolationofprobationproceedings,itwasallegedthatappellantviolatedtheconditionsofprobationbecause [_t]he_ԀdefendantfailedtopaytheCourtorderedrestitution.Thedefendantwasorderedtopay$3,397.00toSocialServices(AFDC$2,316.00andFoodStamps$1,081.00).Thedefendanthasnevermadeapayment.ProbationisscheduledtoexpireFebruary6,2006.(CT12.) ` Afterprobationwassummarilyrevoked,appellantappearedincourtonFebruary23,2006.Hercounselstatedshewaswillingto admitaviolationofprobationandaccepttheCourtsofferofsevenmonthsinjail.(3RT17.)Therewasnomentionthatanextensionofprobationwaspartoftheagreement.Thecourtasked, Ms.Marshall,doyounowadmitthecircumstancesofviolationsetforthinthispetition? v(Ibid.)#v "#ԀShesaidshedid.   v(Ibid.)#v #ԀThecourtdeclaredthe [_v]iolation_Ԁofprobationisadmitted. v(Ibid.)#v R#Ԁ ! Itreinstatedprobation,andorderedsheservesevenmonthsinjail. v(Ibid.)#v #ԀIt # thenstated, ImgoingtoimposeanewthreeyeargrantofprobationuntilFebruary23,2009. v(Ibid.)#v #Ԁ '##  ` Anunauthorizedsentencecanbechallengedonappeal,eveniftherewerenoobjectionbelow.(Peoplev.Scott(1994)9Cal.4th331,354;People +'' v.Welch(1993)5Cal.4th228,235.)   ` The powerofthecourtwithregardtoprobationisstrictlystatutory,andthecourtcannotimposeaconditionofprobationwhichextendsbeyondthemaximumstatutoryperiodofprobation.($ vInre#v #Bolley(1982)129   Cal.App.3d555,557$$$,$Bolley,supra,129Cal.App.3datp.557$.)Becausethemaximumtermofincarcerationthatappellantcouldhavesufferedwaslessthanfiveyears,probationcouldnotextendpastfiveyears.]   2      ׀ v(#v #Ԁ1203.1,subd.(a).)[   3      ׀Theattemptbyatrialcourtto   extendprobationbeyonditsauthorizedmaximumperiodis voidand invalid.(InreDaoud(1976)16Cal.3d879,883884.)   ` Under vsection#v b#Ԁ1203.3,   4      ׀thecourtcanmodifyprobationbeforeit   expires,basedonawillfulfailuretocomplywithaconditionofprobationorbecauseofachangeincircumstances.(Peoplev.Cookson(1991)54 vCal.3d#v #  1091,10971100.)Whenthecourtinitiallysetsprobationforaperiodoftimethatislessthanfiveyears,itcanextendprobationwhentheprobationerhasfailedtopayafineorrestitution.However,thetotalperiodofprobationcannotbelongerthanfiveyears. v(Id.atpp.#v S#Ԁ10981100.)    ` InCookson,supra,54Cal.3d1091,thedefendantwasgranted  probationforthreeyearsbutfailedtopaytheentireamountofrestitution.Thetrialcourtextendedprobationtolastatotaloffiveyears,thoughtherewasnofindingthedefendantwillfullyfailedtopay. v(Id.atp.#v #Ԁ1095.)The  SupremeCourtheldtheprocedurewasauthorized. v(Id.atpp.#v #Ԁ10951100.)  TheCourtnoted,however,thatanextensionresultinginprobationlastinglongerthanfiveyearswouldhavebeenunauthorized. v(Id.atp.#v  #Ԁ1094,fn.2.)   ` ThiscourtfollowedCooksoninMedeiros,supra,25Cal.App.4th1260.   There,thedefendantwasplacedonprobationforthreeyearsandorderedtopayrestitution.Shefailedtopaytherestitution,andthecourtextendedprobationfortwomoreyears.Sheagainfailedtopaytherestitution,statingshewasthesolesupportforherchildandherfelonyconvictionmadei$f$$t$difficultforhertoobtainemployment.Thetrialcourtfoundthatshedidnotwillfullyviolateprobationbutextendedprobationanotherfiveyears. v(Id.at   pp.#v f##Ԁ12621263.)Thiscourtheldtheextensionofprobationbeyondfiveyears   foranonwillfulfailuretopayrestitutionwasunauthorized. v(Id.atp.#v l$#Ԁ1297.)   ` Here,appellantwasallegedonlytohavefailedtopayrestitution,andthisiswhatsheadmitted.(CT12,17;3RT17.)Whilethecourthadbroaddiscretiontorevokeprobation,thecourtmaynotactarbitrarilyorcapriciously;itsfindingsmustbebasedontheallegationsandfactsbeforeit.(Peoplev.Smith(1970)12Cal.App.3d621,626.)Dueprocessunderthe  FourteenthAmendmentmandatesthataviolationofprobationcanbebasedonlyonallegationsmadeinawritingbeforetheviolationofprobationhearing.( vPeoplev.Mosley(1988)198Cal.App.3d1167,1173,citing " Morrisseyv.Brewer(1972)408U.S.471,488489,Gagnonv.Scarpelli $  (1973)411U.S.778,782,and#v '#ԚBlackv.Romano(1985)471U.S.606,611 &"" 612.)Accordingly,in vPeople#v (#Ԁv.Andre(1974)37Cal.App.3d516,the ($$ allegationthatthedefendant hasn'tpaidtherestitutionand hasn'tpaidthe *&& finewasinsufficientnoticetofindthefailuretopaywaswillful. v(Id.atpp.#v )#  523524.)Here,therewasnoallegation,andthusnoadmissionorfindingthatthefailuretopayrestitutionwaswillful.Thus,thecourtdidnothavejurisdictiontoextendprobationtolastmorethanfiveyears. ` Evenifthereweresomehowavalidimpliedfindingappellantwillfullyfailedtopayrestitution,thetrialcourtlackedthejurisdictiontoextendprobationbeyondthefiveyearmaximumperiod.InMedeiros,supra,25   Cal.App.4th1260,thiscourtnotedthattheonlygroundsforextendingprobationbeyondthemaximumperiodisfoundinsection1203.2, vsubdivision#v ,#  (e).Thestatutestates vthatifprobationisrevokedafterthejudgmenthasbeen  pronounced,itcanbereinstatedasitcouldhavebeendoneimmediatelyfollowingconviction.$$\$$Z$$$N$   5      ׀Thiscourtexaminedthelegislativehistoryofthe  provisionandconcludedthatitappliesonlyifarevocationofprobationissetasideafterprobationotherwisewouldhaveexpired.#v -# v(Id.atpp.#v m/# vԀ12651267.)   Probationcannotbeimposedagain'underthat#v /# vsubdivision#v Z0# vԀunlessprobation  isrevokedbasedonaviolationofprobationandtherevocationhasbeensetaside.#v 0# v(Id.atp.#v h1# vԀ1267.)   ` Butforthelimitedcircumstancearevocationofprobationissetaside,thecourtlacksthejurisdictiontoextendprobationlongerthanfiveyears.(Medeiros,supra,25Cal.App.4thatp.1267.)However,thiscourtstatedin   dictumthatitsinterpretationofsection1203.2 doesnotaffectthetreatmentofprobationerswhoareabletopayandwillfullydonot.Ifthesecircumstancesappear$t$a$t$theformalrevocationhearing,thecourtisauthorizedtorevokeprobationandeitherorderimprisonmentortosetasidetherevocationandreinstateprobationforanewtermnotexceedingtheoriginalmaximum.#v 1# v(Ibid.)#v 4# vԀ   ` Thegovernmentreliedonthispassagetoarguein#v 5# vPeople#v 5# vԀv.Jackson  (2005)134Cal.App.4th929thatprobationcanbeextendedforlongerthanthemaximumperiodwhenthereisawillfulfailuretopay.TheSecondDistrictCourtofAppealfoundtherewassubstantialevidenceofawillfulfailuretopay#v 5# v(Id.atpp.#v @7# vԀ933935)butdecidedthecourtlackedjurisdictionto $  extendprobationbeyondfiveyears: *&& 8 ` Becausethethirdsentenceof#v 7# vPenalCodesection#v 8# vԀ1203.2,  #v 8# vsubdivision#v I9# vԀ(e)appliesonlywheretheorderrevokingprobation   ismadeaftertheexpirationoftheprobationaryperiod,itprovidednoauthorityfortheextensionorreimposition.[Citation.]Althoughthecourtwasfreetorecalculatethedateofexpirationofappellant'sprobationarytermasaresultofthetolling,nothingauthorizedittoextendappellant'sprobationbeyondthemaximumfiveyearperiod.#v 9#78 ` x` x  v(Id.atp.#v ;# vԀ932.)    ` In#v  <# vPeople#v }<# vԀv.Ottovich(1974)41Cal.App.3d532,probationwas   revokedbeforeitexpiredandreinstatedwithitstermextendedtomakethetotalperiodofprobationlongerthanthatauthorizedbylaw.#v <# v(Id.atp.#v =# vԀ535.)  TheFirstDistrictCourtofAppealheld thelowercourthadnojurisdictiontoextendappellant'sprobationbeyondthethreeyearperiod,andtheorderpurportingtodosoisthereforevoid.#v 0># v(Ibid.)#v V?# vԀ  #v ?# v ` Acourtcannotestablishaperiodofprobationlongerthanthe  maximumperiodofimprisonmentfortheoffenseinvolved.[Citation.]Anyattempttodosoisnullandvoid.[Citations.](Bolley,supra,129  Cal.App.3datp.557;seealsoInreTrevorW.(2001)88Cal.App.4th833, ! 839.)#v ?# v ` Here,appellantsprobationwasrevokedbeforeitexpired,so %!! #v A# vsubdivision#v _B# vԀ(e)#v B# vofsection#v B# vԀ#v ?C# v1203.2doesnotapply.Thus,thetrialcourtlacked '## jurisdictiontoextendprobationtolastlongerthanfiveyears. ` #v C# vHere,appellantsprobationwasrevokedbeforeitexpired,so +'' #v \D# vsubdivision#v D# vԀ(e)#v @E# vofPenalCodesection#v E# vԀ#v E# v1203.2doesnotapply.Norhasa  revocationofprobationsetaside.Thus,thetrialcourtlackedjurisdictiontoextendprobationtolastlongerthanfiveyears.#v !F# vԀTheappropriateremedywas  tomodifythetrialcourt'sordersothatprobationwouldlastnolongerthanthemaximumperiodofprobation.#v G# v(Daoud,supra,16Cal.3datp.#v G# vԀ885.)#v cH# v   #v H#   Conclusion    I ` Fortheforegoingreasonsappellant,%  SonyaMarshall,%zIrespectfullyrequeststhatthiscourtmodifytheorderofthetrialcourtsothatprobationwillterminateonFebruary23,2008.DATED:  July24,2007!  . `     h Respectfullysubmitted, `     h SIXTHDISTRICTAPPELLATEPROGRAM `     h By:  _________________________   `     h   JonathanGrossman `     h   AttorneyforAppellant `     h   SonyaMarshall v       8 dXd8  #  |L# CERTIFICATIONOFWORDCOUNT   L:dd ` I,JonathanGrossman,certifythattheattachedAPPELLANTSOPENINGBRIEFcontains2$222$$486$words.#v ]L#vv ` ExecutedunderpenaltyofperjuryatSantaClara,California,on  July  d  24,2007!  . `     h     򀀀 d   `     h     JonathanGrossman#vvEN#N v#v +P# v#v oP#Ԁ